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UNITED STATES, ANDREW JOHNSON, (1865-1869), INDIAN PEACE MEDAL, 1865
估價
30,000 - 40,000 USD
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招標截止
描述
- paper, ink
Silver. Large size. Anthony C. Paquet. ANDREW JOHNSON PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES 1865, bust of Johnson right; beneath truncation, Paquet. F., rev., standing figure of Indian at left, shaking hands with figure representing America holding flag right, at base of altar inscribed PEACE and surmounted by bust of George Washington; in the distance a train and at their feet symbols emblematic of civilization; engraved above, BROTHER, I AM PLEASED WITH YOU!; in ex., Paquet. F., 75.8, mm (Julian IP-40; Prucha 52; Belden 55), with original hanger attached (some repair), a few marks around Johnson’s head, otherwise extremely fine or better, with some prooflike surface and grey toning
來源
Aw-mdi-kte [Kill Eagle], early 1866; James Eagle Horn (his grandson, by descent); Col. A.B. Welch (believed before 1939); Everett R. Cox (his grandnephew, by descent); Bowers and Ruddy Galleries, May 21, 2001, lot 1130 (and frontispiece)
出版
Fanny Kelly published a memoir of her experiences, Narrative of My Captivity Among the Sioux Indians in 1871. (https://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/t/text/pageviewer-idx?c=moa&cc=moa&idno=abb5283.0001.001&view=image&seq=3&size=100).
A copy of Johnson’s document is in the Gilder Lehrman Collection (https://www.gilderlehrman.org/content/andrew-johnson-bestows-award-two-members-blackfoot-tribe).
An extensive body information relating to Kill Eagle is part of the Col. A.B. Welch Dakota Papers (https://www.welchdakotapapers.com). Alfred Burton Welch (1874-1945), was a prominent early 20th century scholar on Native Americans; particularly well-known for his lifelong interest in the Sioux he was lauded by George Heye, founder of the Museum of the American Indian (now part of the Smithsonian’s National Museum of the American Indian). Welch was also, according to the website of his papers, the first white man adopted by the Sioux Nation.
A copy of Johnson’s document is in the Gilder Lehrman Collection (https://www.gilderlehrman.org/content/andrew-johnson-bestows-award-two-members-blackfoot-tribe).
An extensive body information relating to Kill Eagle is part of the Col. A.B. Welch Dakota Papers (https://www.welchdakotapapers.com). Alfred Burton Welch (1874-1945), was a prominent early 20th century scholar on Native Americans; particularly well-known for his lifelong interest in the Sioux he was lauded by George Heye, founder of the Museum of the American Indian (now part of the Smithsonian’s National Museum of the American Indian). Welch was also, according to the website of his papers, the first white man adopted by the Sioux Nation.
拍品資料及來源
A HIGHLY IMPORTANT AND HISTORIC MEDAL. AWARDED BY PRESIDENT ANDREW JOHNSON TO BLACKFOOT SIOUX KILL EAGLE FOR HIS PART IN THE RENOWNED RESCUE OF FANNY KELLY FROM OGLALA SIOUX CAPTIVITY. THE ONLY KNOWN INDIAN PEACE MEDAL WITH A SPECIAL INSCRIPTION ENGRAVED BY PRESIDENTIAL ORDER.
While variant accounts differ in detail, on July 12, 1864, a party of eleven settlers was headed toward the gold camps in the western Montana territory along the Oregon Trail. While pitching camp for the night, about 120 miles northwest of Fort Laramie, they were attacked by a band of Oglala Sioux. Three members of the party were killed, one was badly wounded, and three escaped. Two women, Fanny Kelly and Sarah Larimer, and two children were taken captive. The night of the attack Fanny Kelly and her adopted daughter, seven-year-old, Mary Hurley, tried to escape. Fanny Kelly was recaptured and "treated harshly," while Mary’s body was found a day or two later shot with three arrows and scalped. Sarah Larimer and her son, with help from one of the Indians, escaped two days later.
Although a number of attempts by the Union Army were made to free her, Fanny Kelly was held captive by the Oglala (or by another account she was sold to the Hunkpapa) for five months, until two Sihasapa warriors, Nootay-u-hah (Short Gun) and his brother Aw-mdi-kte (Kill Eagle), attempted to exchange her for fourteen horses. Although the Chief agreed, the man who owned Fanny Kelly refused. And so, in Kill Eagle’s own words: “My brother had 13 warriors and he took them and went into this man’s lodge and took the white woman by force.” They returned her to Fort Sully in South Dakota.
In thanks, President Andrew Johnson directed that Short Gun and Kill Eagle were to receive “One hundred silver dollars” each as compensation for their horses, as well as a reward of fifty silver dollars each for their “trouble in rescuing these white women.” In addition, the president wrote that “as a memento of my perpetual friendship for Nootay-u-hah and his brother … I direct that a silver medal be given to each of them with a suitable inscription…[and that]…their Great Father in Washington is greatly pleased.” Johnson further directed that both receive copies of this document. Kill Eagle, when interviewed in 1876, following the Battle of Little Big Horn (in which he may, or may not, have played a role), specified they had rescued only one woman, and after relating his recollections of the rescue, produced his copy. Parts of this interview were reproduced in The New York Herald, October 6, 1876.
This remarkable medal, perhaps the only one known with an officially sanctioned engraved message, and certainly the only one known engraved by presidential order, was probably part of the first group of medals delivered to Commissioner of Indian Affairs on December 23, 1865.
While variant accounts differ in detail, on July 12, 1864, a party of eleven settlers was headed toward the gold camps in the western Montana territory along the Oregon Trail. While pitching camp for the night, about 120 miles northwest of Fort Laramie, they were attacked by a band of Oglala Sioux. Three members of the party were killed, one was badly wounded, and three escaped. Two women, Fanny Kelly and Sarah Larimer, and two children were taken captive. The night of the attack Fanny Kelly and her adopted daughter, seven-year-old, Mary Hurley, tried to escape. Fanny Kelly was recaptured and "treated harshly," while Mary’s body was found a day or two later shot with three arrows and scalped. Sarah Larimer and her son, with help from one of the Indians, escaped two days later.
Although a number of attempts by the Union Army were made to free her, Fanny Kelly was held captive by the Oglala (or by another account she was sold to the Hunkpapa) for five months, until two Sihasapa warriors, Nootay-u-hah (Short Gun) and his brother Aw-mdi-kte (Kill Eagle), attempted to exchange her for fourteen horses. Although the Chief agreed, the man who owned Fanny Kelly refused. And so, in Kill Eagle’s own words: “My brother had 13 warriors and he took them and went into this man’s lodge and took the white woman by force.” They returned her to Fort Sully in South Dakota.
In thanks, President Andrew Johnson directed that Short Gun and Kill Eagle were to receive “One hundred silver dollars” each as compensation for their horses, as well as a reward of fifty silver dollars each for their “trouble in rescuing these white women.” In addition, the president wrote that “as a memento of my perpetual friendship for Nootay-u-hah and his brother … I direct that a silver medal be given to each of them with a suitable inscription…[and that]…their Great Father in Washington is greatly pleased.” Johnson further directed that both receive copies of this document. Kill Eagle, when interviewed in 1876, following the Battle of Little Big Horn (in which he may, or may not, have played a role), specified they had rescued only one woman, and after relating his recollections of the rescue, produced his copy. Parts of this interview were reproduced in The New York Herald, October 6, 1876.
This remarkable medal, perhaps the only one known with an officially sanctioned engraved message, and certainly the only one known engraved by presidential order, was probably part of the first group of medals delivered to Commissioner of Indian Affairs on December 23, 1865.