L’Œil infatigable – Tableaux de la collection Asbjorn Lunde
L’Œil infatigable – Tableaux de la collection Asbjorn Lunde
View of Vesuvius in eruption, taken from Posillipo | Vue du Vésuve en éruption, prise depuis le Pausilippe
Auction Closed
March 23, 03:25 PM GMT
Estimate
50,000 - 70,000 EUR
Lot Details
Description
Joseph Wright of Derby
Derby 1734 - 1797
View of Vesuvius in eruption, taken from Posillipo
Oil on panel
45,7 x 76,1 cm; 18 by 30 in.
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Joseph Wright of Derby
Derby 1734 - 1797
Vue du Vésuve en éruption, prise depuis le Pausilippe
Huile sur panneau
45,7 x 76,1 cm ; 18 by 30 in.
Anonymous sale, Sotheby's, London, 3 April 1996, lot 81.
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Vente anonyme, Sotheby's, Londres, 3 avril 1996, lot 81.
Joseph Wright of Derby is uncontestably one of the most important figures in pre-Romantic British painting. Originally a portrait painter, he gradually moved towards the landscape genre, opening the way, in the last third of the eighteenth century, for later developments in sublime landscape.
He left England in late 1773 for a voyage to Italy that lasted until 1775 and had an enduring influence on the rest of his career. As part of this long expedition, Wright of Derby stayed for about a month in Naples, from early October to early November 1774. He used the opportunity to climb Vesuvius and observe the lava, still actively flowing over the mountain slopes. In a letter to his brother dated 11 November 1774, he expressed his admiration for what he had seen, describing the site as ‘the most wonderful sight in nature’.
However, Wright of Derby did not witness a major eruption, as the paintings he subsequently produced suggest. The last major eruption before his arrival was in 1767, and the next was not until 1779. Nevertheless, the volcano was always active, with emissions of smoke, incandescent lava flows and probably some minor eruptions, as Sir William Hamilton wrote in 1779: ‘Since the eruption of 1767......Vesuvius has never been free from smoke, nor ever many months without throwing up red-hot SCORIAE.......usually follow'd by a current of liquid Lava......No less than nine such Eruptions are recorded here since the great one above mention'd and some of them were considerable. » (Sir William Hamilton, Campi Phlegraei, Observations of the Volcanoes of the Two Sicilies, 2 vols., 1779, p. 2)
Wright of Derby was fascinated by the eruption of Vesuvius, with the extraordinary effects produced by the explosion as well as by streams of lava contrasting with the cold light of the moon, and this explains why he returned many times to the subject. As he wrote himself, he thought the experience one of the most wonderful spectacles that nature could offer, and drew from it a sublime, dramatic, quasi-cosmic vision. Unlike other artists, Wright of Derby almost never included a human presence in his paintings, thus eliminating every aspect of the picturesque from his compositions, so as focus on the raging elements and the effects of light. Most of these paintings – probably including the present work – were produced after he had returned to England in the 1780s.
Many of his compositions feature the same point of view, from Posillipo, as the present work. The closest, in terms of its composition, was sold in 2001 (Sotheby’s London, 29 November 2001, lot 152).
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Joseph Wright of Derby est sans conteste l’un des représentants les plus importants de la peinture pré-romantique anglaise. A l’origine portraitiste, il va évoluer progressivement vers le genre du paysage, ouvrant la voie, dans le dernier tiers du XVIIIe siècle, aux évolutions à venir du paysage Sublime.
Il quitte l’Angleterre fin 1773 pour un voyage en Italie qui durera jusqu’en 1775 et qui influencera durablement le reste de sa carrière. Durant ce long périple, Wright of Derby va séjourner environ un mois à Naples, du début octobre au début novembre 1774. Il en profite pour gravir le Vésuve et observer les coulées de lave encore actives le long des pentes de la montagne. Il témoigne, dans une lettre à son frère datée du 11 novembre 1774, de son admiration pour ce qu’il y a vu en décrivant le site comme « le spectacle le plus merveilleux de la nature. »
Wright of Derby ne fut cependant par le témoin d’une éruption majeure, comme les tableaux qu’il exécutera par la suite le laissent penser. La dernière grande éruption avant son arrivée datait de 1767, et la suivante n’eût lieu qu’en 1779. Malgré cela, le volcan ne cessa d’être en activité, avec des rejets de fumées, des coulées de lave incandescente, et probablement quelques éruptions mineures, comme l’écrit lui-même Sir William Hamilton en 1779 : « Since the eruption of 1767......Vesuvius has never been free from smoke, nor ever many months without throwing up red-hot SCORIAE.......usually follow'd by a current of liquid Lava......No less than nine such Eruptions are recorded here since the great one above mention'd and some of them were considerable. » (Sir William Hamilton, Campi Phlegraei, Observations of the Volcanoes of the Two Sicilies, 2 vols., 1779, p. 2)
La fascination de Wright of Derby pour l’éruption du Vésuve et les effets extraordinaires générés par l’explosion et les flots de lave opposés à la clarté froide de la lune explique qu’il soit revenu, à maintes reprises, à ce sujet. Comme il l’écrit lui-même, il considère cette expérience comme l’un des spectacles les plus merveilleux que puisse offrir la nature, et en tire une vision sublime, dramatique, quasi-cosmique. Contrairement à d’autres artistes, comme le Français Volaire, qui se sont eux aussi focalisés sur des représentations d’éruptions, Wright of Derby n’inclut quasiment jamais de présence humaine dans ses représentations, évacuant ainsi tout pittoresque de ses compositions, afin de se concentrer sur les éléments en furie et les effets de lumière. La plupart de ces tableaux – c’est probablement le cas de l’œuvre présente – ont été exécutés à son retour en Angleterre, durant la décennie 1780…
Plusieurs compositions reprenant le même point de vue que la présente œuvre, depuis le Pausilippe, ont été exécutées par l’artiste. La plus proche, par la composition, est passée en vente en 2001 (Sotheby’s Londres, 29 novembre 2001, lot 152).