Important Chinese Art

Important Chinese Art

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Chinese Jades from the Cissy and Robert Tang Collection | 喜聞過齋藏玉

A large calcified jade notched axe, qi, Shang dynasty | 商 玉戚

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April 8, 02:15 PM GMT

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描述

Chinese Jades from the Cissy and Robert Tang Collection

A large calcified jade notched axe, qi,

Shang dynasty

喜聞過齋藏玉

商 玉戚


d. 18.7 cm

Collection of Huang Jun (Huang Bochuan, 1880-1952), owner of Zunguzhai, Beijing.

Collection of David David-Weill (1871-1952).

Sotheby's Paris, 16th December 2015, lot 43.


尊古齋主黃濬(黃伯川,1880-1952年)收藏,北京

大衛.大衛威爾(1871-1952年)收藏

巴黎蘇富比2015年12月16日,編號43

Huang Jun, Guyu tulu chuji [Catalogue of ancient jades, part 1], Peking, 1939, vol. 1, p. 1.

Alfred Salmony, Chinese Jade Through the Wei Dynasty, New York, 1963, pl. V.2.


黃濬,《古玉圖錄初集》,北平,1939年,卷1,頁1

Alfred Salmony,《Chinese Jade through the Wei Dynasty》,紐約,1963年,圖版 V.2

The present disc-axe represents a variation of the flanged jade axe. Its distinctive shape is based on a disc with a central aperture and a rounded cutting edge as illustrated by a number of examples in collections similarly formed in the 1930s, see, for instance, a disc-axe from the Sonnenschein Collection, published in Alfred Salmony, Archaic Chinese Jades from the Edward and Louise B. Sonnenschein Collection, Chicago, 1952, pl. XIV.1; and two further examples from the Winthrop Collection, in Max Loehr and Louisa G. Fitzgerald Huber, Ancient Chinese Jades from the Grenville L. Winthrop Collection in the Fogg Art Museum, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1975, cat. nos 22 and 23. Another example from the David-Weill Collection, is illustrated in Osvald Siren, Histoire des Arts Anciens de la Chine, Vol. I: La Periode Prehistorique. L'Epoque Tcheou, L'Epoque Tch'ou et Ts'in, Paris and Brussels, 1929, pl. 73.


On the present axe, the rounded cutting edge has been replaced with four flat sections. Two almost identically shaped flanged disc-axe have been recovered from tombs (M11 and M5) of the Erlitou period, c. 2000-1500 BC, at Yanshi, Henan, published in Kaogu [Archaeology], 1986, vol. 4, pl. 7.3, and in Yang Boda, Zhongguo yuqi quanji [Complete collection of Chinese jades], vol. I, Shijiazhuang, 2005, p. 130, fig. 11. 


玉戚,也就是有齒的端刃器,實為兩側有齒的扁平斧頭,由玉斧演變而來,一般是作為禮儀用,器不具備實用的武器功能。新石器時代就出現玉戚,為儀仗用器,至以王權為中心的商周時代,玉戚更成為王者的象徵,於眾多的禮器中屬於最高規格,主要用於治軍,同時也是儀仗器和祭祀禮器。目前包含有此類重要玉戚的公私收藏,大部分建立於 1930 年代,如 Sonnenschein 舊藏一例,著錄於《Archaic Chinese Jades from the Edward and Louise B. Sonnenschein Collection》,芝加哥,1952 年,圖版 XIV.1。另見美國著名溫索浦舊藏一例,著錄於 Max Loehr 及 Louisa G. Fitzgerald Huber,《Ancient Chinese Jades from the Grenville L. Winthrop Collection in the Fogg Art Museum, Harvard University》,劍橋,麻省,1975 年,編號 22 及 23。另一例子見 David-Weill 舊藏,見 Osvald Siren,《Histoire des Arts Anciens de la Chine, Vol. I: La Periode Prehistorique. L'Epoque Tcheou, L'Epoque Tch'ou et Ts'in》,巴黎和布魯塞

爾,1929 年,圖版 73。


此件玉戚造型特殊,前端呈四邊形,河南省西部洛河下游偃師區的二裡頭遺址 M11 及 M5 號墓葬曾出土兩件極為相似的四邊形玉戚,見《考古》,1986 年,卷 4,圖版 7.3,以及楊伯達,《中國玉器全集》,卷一,石家莊,2005 年,頁 130,圖 11。