Guy-Louis Vernansal

In 1606, Marie de Medici invited the Brother Hospitallers of St. John of God to found the Hôpital de la Charité on the boulevard Saint-Germain, where it stood until 1935. Doctors there made strides in French medicine in the late 18th century such as bedside care focused on symptoms rather than the theory of the four humors. Vernansal was commissioned by the hospital in the last quarter of that century to paint this monumental Old Testament scene with its themes of disease and healing.

2 Samuel 24 recounts King David's arrogance and desire for power while taking a census ordered by God. Filled with remorse for his pride, he asks God for a punishment, and God gives three options: three years of famine, three months of fleeing from enemies, or three days of plague. David chose the latter, as he feared other men more than a merciful God. After 70,000 people perished in three days, an angel came to destroy Jerusalem, as seen here holding a skull and sword of fire, but God stopped the angel's hand. David pled for mercy and was instructed to build an altar to God. In its setting at L'Hôpital de la Charité, the painting would have communicated that faith helps heal and prevent disease.