Attributed to Domenico Cardelli (1767-1797) Italian, Rome, circa 1787

possibly Prince Francis Xavier of Saxony, Dresden;
by descent to his daughter, Elisabeth Ursula Anna Cordula Xaveria of Saxony, the Duchess d'Esclignac;
by descent to her daughter, Baroness von Weissenbach;
by descent to her daughter, Countess von Korff Schmising Kerssenbrock;
by descent to her daughter, Baroness de Weichs de Wenne, Castle Geijsteren;
certainly thence by family descent;
on loan to Museum het Cuypershuis, Roermond, 1963 until 2014

Roermond, Museum het Cuypershuis, 1963 until 2014

Overall the condition of the marble is very good. There is minor dirt and wear to the surface consistent with age. There are some losses, including to the edge of the cuirass at the sternum (including a larger loss on the proper left side). There are general small chips to the edges of the bust and socle and also some small losses to the tassles on the proper right shoulder and to the drapery on the left shoulder. There are some abrasions to the proper right cheek. There is a metal pin to the underside edge of the sternum. There are some minor orange marks to the neck and chest. There is very slight veining to the marble consistent with material, including to the face, neck and forehead. For all sales which take place on or after 1 February 2015, please note that the rate of buyer's premium for each lot (charged as a percentage of the hammer price achieved for that lot) has been revised and shall be calculated at the thresholds set out below: Buyer's premium is 25% of the hammer price up to and including £100,000; Buyer's premium is 20% of the hammer price on any amount in excess of £100, 000 up to and including £1,800,000; Buyer's premium is 12% of the hammer price on any amount in excess of £1,800,000. As stated above, the revised thresholds are effective as of 1 February 2015.
"In response to your inquiry, we are pleased to provide you with a general report of the condition of the property described above. Since we are not professional conservators or restorers, we urge you to consult with a restorer or conservator of your choice who will be better able to provide a detailed, professional report. Prospective buyers should inspect each lot to satisfy themselves as to condition and must understand that any statement made by Sotheby's is merely a subjective, qualified opinion. Prospective buyers should also refer to any Important Notices regarding this sale, which are printed in the Sale Catalogue.
NOTWITHSTANDING THIS REPORT OR ANY DISCUSSIONS CONCERNING A LOT, ALL LOTS ARE OFFERED AND SOLD AS IS" IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE CONDITIONS OF BUSINESS PRINTED IN THE SALE CATALOGUE."

This exceptionally refined Neoclassical bust represents Prince Francis Xavier of Saxony. The identity of the sitter becomes clear when the bust is compared with Maurice Quentin de La Tour's painting of the same subject in the Musée Antoine Lecuyer, Saint-Quentin. Like the present bust, in La Tour's painting, Francis Xavier exhibits the same aquiline nose, strong brow and pursed lips.

Domenico Cardelli was a Roman sculptor who came to prominence through his relationship with the Polish royal court. In 1785, he carved a bust of Baroness Schütter, mistress of King Stanislaw August Poniatowski, King of Poland (1732-1798), which led to a commission in 1786 for a bust of the King himself; in 1787 Cardelli was proclaimed court sculptor. Significantly, in 1794, Cardelli executed the tomb of Maria Chiara Spinucci (1741-1792), wife of Prince Francis Xavier of Saxony (1730-1806), the sitter of the present bust. The commission probably came through the family connection with Poland. Francis Xavier was the second son of Augustus III of Poland (1696-1763). In 1765, as regent to the infant Elector Frederick Augustus III of Saxony, Prince Francis Xavier had officially renounced his nephew’s claim to the Polish throne. He is therefore likely to have had a close relationship with Stanislaw August of Poland. The choice of Stanislaw August's court sculptor as the artist responsible for his wife's tomb, as well as the present bust, would therefore have been an obvious one.

Cardelli's bust of Stanislaw August of Poland is known from an engraving in the British Museum, London, inscribed: Dom. Cardelli Marmore Sculpsit Romae / 1786 Raph. Morghen Sculpsit Romae, Joan. Volpato direxit (inv. no. 1843,0513.1112). The rigorous classicism of the bust, tempered by dramatic swags of drapes suspended from the sitter’s left shoulder, directly parallels the present bust. In both busts Cardelli presents the sitters in the guise of the victorious Roman general, but with contemporary 18^th-century wigs. The high quality of the carving of the present bust is very close to one of Cardelli’s extant marbles, his bust of Countess Popiersie Marceliny Worcellowej in the National Scientific Library of Ukraine, Lviv. In the present sculpture, Cardelli surpasses himself with superb passages of carving in the hair. Note, in particular, the charming detail of the little earrings worn by the prince.