- 84
Rare et grand gobelet couvert en argent et vermeil, probablement France XIVe/XVe siècle
Description
- Rare et grand gobelet couvert en argent et vermeil, probablement France XIVe/XVe siècle
- Haut. 25,5 cm, 294 g ; 10 in, oz 8dwt
showing traces of black enamel and pinning the remains of a textile, detachable cover and body inscribed in French, the words interrupted by foliage, inside cover with applied flower petals in ropework surround, marked with shield shaped punch and gothic lower case A
Provenance
A private European collection, sold Christies New York, 16 April 1999, lot 174
Condition
"In response to your inquiry, we are pleased to provide you with a general report of the condition of the property described above. Since we are not professional conservators or restorers, we urge you to consult with a restorer or conservator of your choice who will be better able to provide a detailed, professional report. Prospective buyers should inspect each lot to satisfy themselves as to condition and must understand that any statement made by Sotheby's is merely a subjective, qualified opinion. Prospective buyers should also refer to any Important Notices regarding this sale, which are printed in the Sale Catalogue.
NOTWITHSTANDING THIS REPORT OR ANY DISCUSSIONS CONCERNING A LOT, ALL LOTS ARE OFFERED AND SOLD AS IS" IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE CONDITIONS OF BUSINESS PRINTED IN THE SALE CATALOGUE."
Catalogue Note
On connait d'autrres gobelets présentant des inscriptions en lettres gothiques similaires sur fond amati et datant des XIVe et XVe siècles2. Bien que des pièces profanes de cette époque soient extrèmement rares, on peut rapprocher cette iconographie de celle figurant sur des pièces sacrées, en particulier les galeris ajourées de quartefeuilles, la fomre cylindrique légèrement tronconique et la prise en forme d'animal.
The inscriptions in French read as follows,
On the cover PRENDEES EN GREET. On the body QUANT DIEU PLERRA LYTANS VERRA
PRENDEES EN GREET (prenez en gré) has the meaning of take with pleasure, take what is agreable or welcome. The inscription might refer to the piece itself as in `take this beaker in welcome’ or to the liquid inside when offering a welcome drink. Cups or beakers in the late medieval/renaissance period were given as gifts of welcome to important people. A supreme example was the welcome cups given from 1346, to the new Emperor by the city of Nuremberg at the time of the first Diet of his reign, in a semi-religious ceremony1. The word gré on the cover of this cup can also include a sense of Grace (Jean Nicot: Le Thresor de la langue francoyse tant ancienne que modern, 1606) which connects with the religious connation of the Resurrection in QUANT DIEU PLERRA LY TANS VERRA inscribed on the body (Quand il plaira à dieu, le temps viendra). The book of hours painted in Brugges c.1450 which belonged to Anne Boleyn (1501-1536) wife of the English king Henry VIII, (Hever castle, England) is inscribed le temps viendra below an image of the Day of Judgment. However this inscription on the body might also be a heraldic motto relating to the recipient or owner of the beaker. Jean duc de Berry (1340-1416) for example had as his motto Oursine le temps viendra.
Beakers inscribed in French with similar gothic lettering on matting from the 14th and 15th centuries are known2. While secular pieces, from this early period are very rare, it is possible to find evidence of the ornament in religious silver, such pierced shapes, the castellated borders and the cylinder and animal finial, from the beginning of the 14th and into the 15th centuries. A silver brooch from a hoard of multiple items, helping to substantiate its dating of 1370/80, has lettering which can be compared with the beaker’s. This includes almost identical forms for T and G, which are made unusual by the incorporation of an extra bar at the end of these letters.3
A beaker catalogued as Liège, mid-15th century, with similar lettering and inscription PRENES EN GRE but with the letter G not including the unusual extra bar as it does on this beaker was sold Christies Geneva 8 November 1977 lot 267
Literature:
1. Klaus Pechstein, The 'Welcome cup..' Connoisseur, November 1978, pp. 181-187
2. R. Lightbrown, Secular Goldsmith's work in Medieval France: a History, London, 1978, plates XXIII (a) and (b)
3. The Brooch was discovered near Karlstein in central Bohemia. See: Johann Michael Fritz, Goldschmiedekunst der Gotick in MItteleuropa, Munich, 1982, nos. 321 and 322