Lot 17
  • 17

Rare bouclier, Songye, République Démocratique du Congo

Estimate
40,000 - 70,000 EUR
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Description

  • Songye
  • Rare bouclier
  • haut. 71 cm
  • 28 in

Provenance

Matthias Lemaire, Amsterdam, probablement vers 1950
Acquis d'Hélène et Philippe Leloup, Paris

Condition

Good condition overall; wear consistent with age and use within the culture: vertical break through the whole length of the proper left side and glued. Fine aged medium brown patina on the reverse, dark brown and red pigments and kaolin on the front.
"In response to your inquiry, we are pleased to provide you with a general report of the condition of the property described above. Since we are not professional conservators or restorers, we urge you to consult with a restorer or conservator of your choice who will be better able to provide a detailed, professional report. Prospective buyers should inspect each lot to satisfy themselves as to condition and must understand that any statement made by Sotheby's is merely a subjective, qualified opinion. Prospective buyers should also refer to any Important Notices regarding this sale, which are printed in the Sale Catalogue.
NOTWITHSTANDING THIS REPORT OR ANY DISCUSSIONS CONCERNING A LOT, ALL LOTS ARE OFFERED AND SOLD AS IS" IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE CONDITIONS OF BUSINESS PRINTED IN THE SALE CATALOGUE."

Catalogue Note

Dès la fin des années 1880 parviennent en Belgique de rares boucliers Songye, sculptés en leur centre de la représentation d'un masque Kifwebe (Hersak in de Heusch, 1995). Associant à la sculpture une véritable dimension picturale, ils offrent une esthétique de la plus saisissante modernité.

Jouant sur la répétition des lignes, dont l'alternance des registres et des teintes rythme le mouvement, la dynamique du dessin est accentuée par la tension des formes, culminant dans les courbes serrées du visage projeté en haut relief.

Les motifs polychromes envahissant de manière classique le visage des masques kifwebe sont transposés sur le cadre, associés à un langage hautement symbolique. Selon Hersak à propos des sept boucliers Songye et Luba conservés au Musée Royal de l'Afrique Centrale de Tervuren (idem), 'l'ensemble de ces dessins suggère un certain type de codification emblématique ou ésotérique". Il serait lié, selon Neyt (2004 : 362) au parcours labyrinthique des initiés durant l'initiation du bukishi.

Comme de Tervuren, ce bouclier est sculpté dans un bois léger et tendre, permettant, selon Hersak (idem), "de rejeter l'hypothèse que ces objets auraient pu être utilisés lors de combat ; ils servaient plutôt d'accessoires symboliques et emblématiques". Selon toute vraisemblance, ils constituaient des emblèmes de pouvoir, fonctionnant "comme des marques visibles de l'expansion territoriale du royaume".

cf. Hersak (idem : n° 4 et 5) pour deux boucliers très apparentés dans les collections du Musée de Tervuren, le second collecté à Ilambi par Jean Walravens entre 1895 et 1921 (inv. n° 38302) ; et Leiris et Delange (1967 : 159, pl. 174) pour un autre, entré dans la collection Josef Mueller avant 1939, aujourd'hui au Musée Barbier-Mueller (inv. n° 1026 - 111).

Rare Songe shield, Democratic Republic of the Congo

These rare Songe shields, which are carved with the representation of a kifwebe mask on the central boss, began to arrive in Belgium by the late 1880s (Hersak in de Heusch, 1995). Combining sculptural quality with an impressive pictorial dimension, these shields suggest a striking sense of modernity to Western eyes.

Playing on the repetition of lines and the alternation of different pigments and motifs, the rhythm and graphic dynamism of this shield is accentuated by the tight curves of the projecting kifwebe mask.

The polychrome motfis which usually cover the face of kifwebe masks are transposed here onto the surface of the shield. These complex motifs represent a highly symbolic language - discussing seven Songe and Luba shields in the Musée royal de l'Afrique centrale, Tervuren (ibid.), Hersak notes that 'these designs suggest a kind of emblematic or esoteric codification', whilst according to Neyt (2004: 362) the motifs are related to the 'maze that the Bukishi initiates must negotiate'.

Like the examples at Tervuren, this shield is carved from soft and light wood. According to Hersak (ibid.) this allows one to 'reject the hypothesis that these objects could have been used in combat; they were rather symbolic and emblematic objects'. In all likelihood these shields were symbols of power which functioned as 'visible signs of the Kingdom's territorial expansion'.

Cf. Hersak (ibid: nos. 4 & 5) for two closely related shields in Tervuren, the second example collected in Ilambi by Jean Walravens between 1895 and 1921 (inv. no. 38302); and Leiris and Delange (1967: p. 159, pl. 174) for a shield in the collection of Josef Mueller before 1939, now in the Musée Barbier-Mueller (inv. no. 1026-111).