Pair of Renaissance enamel and gold bracelets, late 19th century

Castellani's cameos and intaglios were often dictated by the desires of clients partaking in their Grand Tour as shown in this bracelet depicting Illustrious Men of Italy, whose work travellers would have encountered. The Grand Tour was undertaken by upper-class men during the 17th - 19th century after the age of 21 and was seen as a rite of passage which built on their education. Italy was a particular focus of the Grand Tour; travel to Rome meant that they could study not only the ancient ruins but also the art and architecture of the Medieval, Renaissance, and Baroque periods. The term itself comes from Richard Lassels' book The Voyage of Italy. Much of the archaeological jewellery from this period was made for these travellers as mementos of their trip. It was also confirmation to others of their travels and therefore the social status and education.