Lot 116
  • 116

[Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus]--Schachtner, Johann Andreas

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Description

  • (1731-1795, the librettist of Mozart's "Zaide"). The celebrated autograph letter signed ("Andre Schachtner") to Maria Anna von Berchtold zu Sonnenburg (Mozart's sister 'Nannerl')
about Mozart's childhood, the unique primary source for anecdotes concerning mozart's earliest years, describing his personality, his first attempts at composition, his violin playing, his gift of perfect pitch, his dislike of the trumpet and his enthusiasm for arithmetic



In his letter, which takes the form of answers to questions from Mozart's sister, Schachtner describes Mozart's affectionate nature as a child, noting how he would burst into tears if teased, recalls how all his childhood games had to be accompanied with music, describes Mozart's behaviour when performing before an audience, and his education from his father Leopold, comments upon his fiery temperament and extreme receptiveness to every stimulus; in the final, most remarkable section of the letter, entitled 'Some particular points worthy of admiration, concerning the fourth and fifth year of his age, the veracity of which I could swear to [translation]', Schachtner recalls the famous scene where a tearful Leopold Mozart discovers Wolfgang's first attempts at composition, relates how Mozart correctly remembered Schachtner's violin as being tuned one eighth of a tone lower than his own, describes Mozart's first attempts at playing the violin, and concludes by discussing Mozart's morbid fear of the trumpet and Leopold Mozart's ill-advised and crude attempt  to cure his son of his phobia; in a moving afterthought preserved on a strip of paper (entitled "Zur dritten Frage"), possibly from a second letter, Schachtner recounts Mozart's total absorption in whatever he was learning at the moment and describes how Mozart, in his enthusiasm for arithmetic, covered tables and chairs, the walls and even the floors with chalked figures ("...z.B. als er rechnen lernte, war Tisch, Sessel, Wände, ia so gar der Fussboden voll Ziffern mit der Kreide überschrieben.")



...Einige sonderbare Wunderwürdigkeiten
von seinem 4 bis 5 jährig[en] Alter, auf deren
Wahrhaftigkeit ich schwören könnte.
Einsmals gieng ich mit H. Papa nach dem Donnerstags-Amte zu ihnen nach Hause, wir traff[en] den 4jährigen Wolfgängerl in der Beschäftigung mit d[er] Feder an:
Papa: was machst du?
Wolfg: ein Concert fürs Calvir [sic] d[er] erste Theil ist bald fertig.
Papa: lass sehen. Wolfg: ist noch nicht fertig.
Papa: lass sehen, das muss was saubers seyn.
Der Papa nahm ihms weg, und zeigte mir ein Geschmire von Noten, die meistentheils über ausgewischte dintendolken geschrieben waren./: NB: der kleine Wolfgangerl tauchte die Fed[er], aus Unverstand, allemal bis auf den grund des dintenfasses ein, daher musste ihm, so bald er damit aufs Papier kamm ein dintendolken entfallen, aber er war gleich entschlossen, fuhr mit der flach[en] Hand drüber hin, und wischte es auseinander, und schrieb wied[er] drauf fort:/ Wir lachten anfänglich über dieses scheinbare galimathias, aber der Papa fieng hernach seine Betrachtung über die Hauptsache, über die Noten, über die Composition an, er hieng lange Zeit steif mit seiner Betrachtung an dem Blate, endlich fielen seine Thränen, Thränen der Bewunderung und Freude aus seinen Augen, sehen sie H. Schachtner, sagte [er], wie alles richtig und regelmässig gesetzt ist, nur ists nicht zu brauch[en], weil es so ausserordentlich schwer ist, dass es kein Mensch zu spiel[en] im Stande wäre. Der Wolfgangerl fiel ein: drum ists ein Concert, man muss so lange exercieren, bis man es treffen kann, sehen Sie, so muss es gehen. er spielte, konnte aber auch just so viel herauswirgen, dass wir kennen konnten, wo er aus wollte. Er hatte damals den Begriff, das Concert spielen und Mirakel wirk[en] einerley seyn müsse... 
 



5 pages, plus blanks, folio (c.31 x 20cm), integral address-panel, an afterthought to Nannerl's third question contained on a strip of paper, laid down at the edges on the final blank page, a few later pencil annotations, remains of seal, blue cloth folder, Salzburg, 24 April 1792, on guards, excision to upper margin of third leaf, affecting text

Literature

Otto Erich Deutsch, Mozart: Die Dokumente seines Lebens (Kassel, 1961), pp.395-8. Exhibited: Mozart. A Bicentennial Loan Exhibition (Oxford, Bodleian Library, 1991), no.7

Catalogue Note

the most important source of biographical information about the composer ever likely to be offered at auction

When Nannerl Mozart was collecting material for Schlichtegroll's biography of Mozart - the Nekrolog of 1793 (see lot 130) - she turned to the Salzburg court trumpeter Andreas Schachtner, long-time friend of the Mozart family ("das Mozartische Haus", as Schachtner puts it), to provide information about Mozart's earliest years. The information Schachtner provided in his five-page letter has echoed down history as one of the most touching, unprejudiced and truthful tributes ever paid to the composer.  

Indeed, the importance of this letter as a source of information about Mozart's earliest years, as the origin of many aspects of the Mozart mythos, as the first written recollections about the composer, can scarcely be overstated. Schachtner - who was in addition the librettist of Mozart's Zaide and translator of the German libretti of La finta giardiniera and Idomeneo - can rightly be described as Mozart's Plutarch, for, just as Plutarch is the only source for invaluable anecdotes concerning childhood episodes in the life of Alexander the Great, so Schachtner is the unique source of many famous stories from Mozart's childhood.